"Immunotherapy in Oncology: Harnessing the Immune System for Targeted Cancer Treatment"

Document Type : Review article

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Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt.

Abstract

Oncologists have traditionally prioritised the treatment of the tumour, perhaps causing harm to the host with the tumour and its immune system. In recent times, there has been a significant focus on the immune system of patients and its stimulation through biological treatments, such as immunotherapy, which is often more in line with the body's natural processes and better tolerated. The current analysis provided a clear explanation of the mechanisms behind these medicines and the reasons why they may be more easily tolerated. The presence of B and T lymphocytes with their antigen-receptor specificities is tolerated by the body, resulting in minimal side effects. Therapies, which enhance the immune system, can potentially improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment. The current review centred on immunotherapy and enhancing the enduring effectiveness in cancer treatment. Next, we examine the possible "danger signals" that could connect the development of tumours and cancer immunosurveillance. We also explore the various ways by which the immune system regulates and limits its response to cancer. Lastly, we explore how a more comprehensive comprehension of the interconnected mechanisms that regulate cell death, danger, and immunity could potentially result in the creation of successful cancer immunotherapies.

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